1 Samuel Concordia Commentary

Description

The Book of Samuel contains some of the most memorable accounts of the Bible: Hannah’s prayer for a son and trust in the coming Messiah, God's call to Samuel at night in the tabernacle, the capture of Yahweh’s ark, and the death of the high priest Eli. Narratives tell of the anointing of Saul as Israel’s first king and his subsequent apostasy, the battle of David and Goliath, the messianic promise of the Son of David who will build God’s house, and David’s adultery with Bathsheba followed by his confession and absolution by the prophet Nathan. The fifty-five chapters of this single Hebrew book (1 and 2 Samuel in English Bibles) trace Israel’s transition from a tribal confederacy designed to live under God’s rule to a monarchy established and supported by God. When Israel felt it could no longer defend itself against the Philistines, the nation asked for a king “like all the nations” (1 Samuel 8:5). Their vulnerability was not a sign of God’s failure but of Israel’s failure. They had abandoned Yahweh for the worship of the gods of the nations who lived in Canaan, and God, in turn, had given them over to the nations. Yet within this book, there is abundant hope. Throughout the narrative of David's life, the promise of the Son of David is proclaimed again and again. As the lowly shepherd from Bethlehem is anointed to be king of Israel, we are given a Christological type that foreshadows the life, ministry, and eternal reign of the crucified and risen Jesus. Even David's notorious sins serve to demonstrate the forgiveness God freely bestows on us through David's Son and Lord. Contains the author’s original translation of 1 Samuel, a verse-by-verse analysis of the Hebrew text, and a theological exposition of its message, both in its original setting in ancient Israel and for the church today Provides extensive background information about the history, chronology, geography, archaeology, and culture that is needed to understand this biblical book. Features the best textual readings, discerned by comparing the Hebrew Masoretic Text to other ancient versions, including the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Greek Septuagint, and Josephus